Analysis of differentiation between scientific and non-scientific values

Abstract

Values, according to their range of use or application, are divided into social, moral, economic, political, scientific and aesthetic ones. Scientific values due to their key role in organizing investigations and guiding them to epistemological ends-including the truth issue and its canonical role in the problems relating to knowledge and value- are worth further contemplation. In addition to the difference of these values essentially i.e.  to which characteristic of the investigation (truth, justification, application, optimization and their being accepted) they refer, and apart from the diversity of their instances and consequences, there are controversies over their similarities and differences. Some consider their essence as totally opposed to moral and social values. Others regard scientific values as a part of moral values. Some other suggest that the differentiation between scientific and unscientific values is neither clarified nor persuasive reasons have been posed in its favor, while some believe that diversity of these values and disagreement over identifying them is a proof of inaccuracy of such a distinction. There is also a view that emphasizes their being possible and therefore rejects that they are necessary. These attitudes are mostly erroneous, because scientific values have both clear criteria and accepted instances.